| On November 21, 2025, news broke that the Department of Education had proposed changes to the definition of professional degrees. These changes will limit access to federal student loans as part of President Trump's "One Big Beautiful Bill Act" (OBBBA). The stated goal is to reduce loan debt and curb tuition costs by restricting which degrees are considered "professional". The Department of Education has reduced the list from approximately 2000 degrees to less than 600. The new definition of "Professional Degree" will be limited to 11 groups: Medicine (MD), Osteopathic Medicine (DO), Dentistry (DDS/DMD), Pharmacy (PharmD), Veterinary Medicine (DVM), Chiropractic, Optometry, Podiatry, Law (JD), Theology/Divinity (specific programs), and Clinical Psychology (doctoral level). This list excludes fields such as nursing, allied health (PT, OT, speech), PA, social work, teaching, etc.
What the Shift from “Professional Degree” to “Graduate Degree” Means Financially
Current Professional Degree Limits (pre-OBBBA)
- Annual borrowing cap: ~$50,000
- Lifetime cap: ~$200,000
Graduate Degree Limits (OBBBA Proposed)
- Annual cap: $20,500 (unsubsidized federal loan)
- Lifetime cap: $100,000
- Graduate PLUS Loans: Eliminated
Key Components of a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM)
Proposed regulatory text
The actual language of the new rule or the changes being proposed.
https://www.federalregister.gov/
Supporting information
Explanations for why the rule is needed and its potential impact, including estimated costs and benefits.
https://www.reginfo.gov/public/jsp/Utilities/index.jsp
Public comment period
Information on the length of the comment period, which is often 60 days or longer for complex rules, and how to submit comments.
https://www.regulations.gov/
Authority and hearing information
The legal authority under which the rule is proposed and details about any public hearings that may be held.
https://www.usa.gov/laws-and-regulations
What's the Actual Purpose of an NPRM?
Transparency
It makes the government's regulatory process open and accessible to the public.
Public participation
It allows individuals, organizations, and other interested parties to provide feedback and shape the final rule.
Information gathering
Agencies use the feedback to understand public concerns and improve the final rule.
Where to find an NPRM!
What should you do?
- Watch for the NPRM release.
- Submit public comments during the allowed comment period
- Connect your congressional representatives and urge them to support maintaining professional degree status for these programs.
If approved, these changes will go into effect in July 2026.
The changes DO NOT affect current loan holders.
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